Made up of two main parts; a pump and an electrical motor, a centrifugal pump is used to transport fluids by means of the transfer of rotational energy from driven rotors, known as impellors. 

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When the fluid enters the inlet of the pump into the eye of the rapidly rotating impeller, the liquid accelerates radially between the vanes. At this point the liquid increases in both velocity and pressure, directed towards the pump outlet. It is at the point of discharge that the flow velocity reduces and the discharge pressure is increased 

Vertical inline centrifugal pumps, as their name implies, are single stage centrifugal pumps that are specifically designed for vertical installation. Their suction and delivery are inline to provide a smooth flow of liquid through the system.

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Compared to horizontal models, vertical pumps occupy a smaller footprint and are therefore an excellent solution for installations where the available floor space is limited. However, this type of pump requires larger headroom due to the vertical position it occupies.

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A horizontal centrifugal pump will have its shaft placed horizontally, typically between the bearings or overhung.

 

Horizontal pumps are a design where the pump head is located adjacent to the motor on a horizontal plane.

 

Connected with or without a coupling, they can be baseplate mounted if long coupled, or with simply a footplate if close coupled.

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Horizontal pumps are suitable for clean, solid and process liquids.​

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The submersible pump is used for draining water: for example, for reducing groundwater, pumping groundwater to be used as drinking or fire-fighting water, pumping dirty water, and draining wastewater.

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There are a few disadvantages with submersible pumps, and two have to do with the seal. The seals can become corroded with time. When that happens, water seeps into the motor, rendering it useless until it is repaired. Also, that seal makes the submersible pump a bit difficult to get into for repairs.

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